November 11
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November 11 is the 315th day of the year (316th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 50 days remain until the end of the year.
Events
[edit]Pre-1600
[edit]- 308 – At Carnuntum, Emperor emeritus Diocletian confers with Galerius, Augustus of the East, and Maximianus, the recently returned former Augustus of the West, in an attempt to end the civil wars of the Tetrarchy.
- 1028 – Constantine VIII dies, ending his uninterrupted reign as emperor or co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire of 66 years.
- 1100 – Henry I of England marries Matilda of Scotland, the daughter of Malcolm III of Scotland and a direct descendant of the Saxon king Edmund Ironside; Matilda is crowned on the same day.[1]
- 1215 – The Fourth Council of the Lateran meets, defining the doctrine of transubstantiation, the process by which bread and wine are, by that doctrine, said to transform into the body and blood of Christ.
- 1500 – Treaty of Granada: Louis XII of France and Ferdinand II of Aragon agree to divide the Kingdom of Naples between them.
- 1572 – Tycho Brahe observes the supernova SN 1572.
1601–1900
[edit]- 1620 – The Mayflower Compact is signed in what is now Provincetown Harbor near Cape Cod.
- 1634 – Following pressure from Anglican bishop John Atherton, the Irish House of Commons passes An Act for the Punishment for the Vice of Buggery.
- 1673 – Second Battle of Khotyn in Ukraine: Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth forces under the command of Jan Sobieski defeat the Ottoman army. In this battle, rockets made by Kazimierz Siemienowicz are successfully used.
- 1675 – Gottfried Leibniz demonstrates integral calculus for the first time to find the area under the graph of y = ƒ(x).
- 1724 – Joseph Blake, alias Blueskin, a highwayman known for attacking "Thief-Taker General" (and thief) Jonathan Wild at the Old Bailey, is hanged in London.
- 1750 – Riots break out in Lhasa after the murder of the Tibetan regent.
- 1750 – The F.H.C. Society, also known as the Flat Hat Club, is formed at Raleigh Tavern, Williamsburg, Virginia. It is the first college fraternity.
- 1778 – Cherry Valley massacre: Loyalists and Seneca Indian forces attack a fort and village in eastern New York during the American Revolutionary War, killing more than forty civilians and soldiers.
- 1805 – Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Dürenstein: Eight thousand French troops attempt to slow the retreat of a vastly superior Russian and Austrian force.
- 1813 – War of 1812: Battle of Crysler's Farm: British and Canadian forces defeat a larger American force, causing the Americans to abandon their Saint Lawrence campaign.
- 1831 – In Jerusalem, Virginia, Nat Turner is hanged after inciting a violent slave uprising.
- 1839 – The Virginia Military Institute is founded in Lexington, Virginia.
- 1855 – A powerful earthquake occurs in Edo, Japan, causing considerable damage in the Kantō region from the shaking and subsequent fires. It had a death toll of 7,000–10,000 people and destroyed around 14,000 buildings.[2]
- 1865 – Treaty of Sinchula is signed whereby Bhutan cedes the areas east of the Teesta River to the British East India Company.
- 1869 – The Victorian Aboriginal Protection Act is enacted in Australia, giving the government control of indigenous people's wages, their terms of employment, where they could live, and of their children, effectively leading to the Stolen Generations.
- 1880 – Australian bushranger Ned Kelly is hanged at Melbourne Gaol.
- 1887 – Four convicted anarchists were executed as a result of the Haymarket affair.[3]
- 1889 – The State of Washington is admitted as the 42nd state of the United States.[4]
1901–present
[edit]- 1911 – Many cities in the Midwestern United States break their record highs and lows on the same day as a strong cold front rolls through.
- 1918 – World War I: Germany signs an armistice agreement with the Allies in a railroad car in the forest of Compiègne.[5]
- 1918 – Józef Piłsudski assumes supreme military power in Poland – symbolic first day of Polish independence.
- 1918 – Emperor Charles I of Austria relinquishes power.
- 1919 – The Industrial Workers of the World attack an Armistice Day parade in Centralia, Washington, ultimately resulting in the deaths of five people.
- 1919 – Latvian forces defeat the West Russian Volunteer Army at Riga in the Latvian War of Independence.
- 1921 – The Tomb of the Unknowns is dedicated by U.S. President Warren G. Harding at Arlington National Cemetery.[6]
- 1923 – Adolf Hitler is arrested in Munich for high treason for his role in the Beer Hall Putsch.
- 1926 – The United States Numbered Highway System is established.
- 1930 – Patent number US1781541 is awarded to Albert Einstein and Leó Szilárd for their invention, the Einstein refrigerator.
- 1934 – The Shrine of Remembrance is opened in Melbourne, Australia.
- 1940 – World War II: In the Battle of Taranto, the Royal Navy launches the first all-aircraft ship-to-ship naval attack in history.
- 1940 – World War II: The German auxiliary cruiser Atlantis captures top secret British mail from the Automedon, and sends it to Japan.
- 1942 – World War II: France's zone libre is occupied by German forces in Case Anton.
- 1942 – The Turkish parliament passes the Varlık Vergisi,[7] a capital tax mostly levied on non-Muslim citizens with the unofficial aim to inflict financial ruin on them and end their prominence in the country's economy.[8][9][10]
- 1960 – A military coup against President Ngô Đình Diệm of South Vietnam is crushed.
- 1961 – Thirteen Italian Air Force servicemen, deployed to the Congo as a part of the UN peacekeeping force, are massacred by a mob in Kindu.
- 1962 – Kuwait's National Assembly ratifies the Constitution of Kuwait.
- 1965 – Southern Rhodesia's Prime Minister Ian Smith unilaterally declares the colony independent as the unrecognised state of Rhodesia.
- 1965 – United Air Lines Flight 227 crashes at Salt Lake City International Airport, killing 43.[11]
- 1966 – NASA launches Gemini 12.
- 1967 – Vietnam War: In a propaganda ceremony in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, three American prisoners of war are released by the Viet Cong and turned over to "new left" antiwar activist Tom Hayden.
- 1968 – Vietnam War: Operation Commando Hunt initiated. The goal is to interdict men and supplies on the Ho Chi Minh trail, through Laos into South Vietnam.
- 1972 – Vietnam War: Vietnamization: The United States Army turns over the massive Long Binh military base to South Vietnam.
- 1975 – Australian constitutional crisis of 1975: Australian Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismisses the government of Gough Whitlam, appoints Malcolm Fraser as caretaker Prime Minister and announces a general election to be held in early December.
- 1975 – Independence of Angola.
- 1977 – A munitions explosion at a train station in Iri, South Korea kills at least 56 people.[12]
- 1981 – Antigua and Barbuda joins the United Nations.
- 1982 – Space Shuttle Columbia launches from the Kennedy Space Center on STS-5, the first operational mission of the Space Shuttle program.[13]
- 1992 – The General Synod of the Church of England votes to allow women to become priests.
- 1993 – A sculpture honoring women who served in the Vietnam War is dedicated at the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C.
- 1999 – The House of Lords Act is given Royal Assent, restricting membership of the British House of Lords by virtue of a hereditary peerage.
- 2000 – Kaprun disaster: One hundred fifty-five skiers and snowboarders die when a cable car catches fire in an alpine tunnel in Kaprun, Austria.
- 2001 – Journalists Pierre Billaud, Johanne Sutton and Volker Handloik are killed in Afghanistan during an attack on the convoy they are traveling in.
- 2002 – A Fokker F27 Friendship operating as Laoag International Airlines Flight 585 crashes into Manila Bay shortly after takeoff from Ninoy Aquino International Airport, killing 19 people.[14]
- 2002 – Russian mathematician Grigori Perelman posts the first of three preprint texts with his proof of the Poincaré conjecture. It remains the only of the Millennium Prize Problems in mathematics to be solved. He later refused both the prize money from Clay Mathematics Institute as well as the Fields Medal for his work.[15]
- 2004 – New Zealand Tomb of the Unknown Warrior is dedicated at the National War Memorial, Wellington.
- 2004 – The Palestine Liberation Organization confirms the death of Yasser Arafat from unidentified causes. Mahmoud Abbas is elected chairman of the PLO minutes later.
- 2006 – Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II unveils the New Zealand War Memorial in London, United Kingdom, commemorating the loss of soldiers from the New Zealand Army and the British Army.
- 2011 – A helicopter crash just outside Mexico City kills seven, including Francisco Blake Mora the Secretary of the Interior of Mexico.[16]
- 2012 – A strong earthquake with the magnitude 6.8 hits northern Burma, killing at least 26 people.
- 2014 – Fifty-eight people are killed in a bus crash in the Sukkur District in southern Pakistan's Sindh province.
- 2020 – Typhoon Vamco makes landfall in Luzon and several offshore islands, killing 67 people. The storm causes the worst floods in the region since Typhoon Ketsana in 2009.[17][18]
- 2022 – Russo-Ukrainian War: Ukrainian armed forces enter the city of Kherson following a successful two-month southern counteroffensive.[19][20]
Births
[edit]Pre-1600
[edit]- 1050 – Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1106)[21]
- 1154 – Sancho I of Portugal (d. 1212)
- 1155 – Alfonso VIII of Castile (d. 1214)
- 1220 – Alphonse, Count of Poitiers (d. 1271)
- 1430 – Jošt of Rožmberk, Bishop of Breslau (d. 1467)
- 1441 – Charlotte of Savoy, French queen (d. 1483)
- 1449 – Catherine of Poděbrady, Hungarian queen (d. 1464)
- 1491 – Martin Bucer, German Protestant reformer (d. 1551)
- 1493 – Paracelsus, Swiss-German physician, botanist, astrologer, and occultist (d. 1541)
- 1512 – Marcin Kromer, Prince-Bishop of Warmia (d. 1589)
- 1569 – Martin Ruland the Younger, German physician and chemist (d. 1611)
- 1579 – Frans Snyders, Flemish painter (d. 1657)
- 1599 – Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg (d. 1655)
- 1599 – Ottavio Piccolomini, Austrian-Italian field marshal (d. 1656)
1601–1900
[edit]- 1633 – George Savile, 1st Marquess of Halifax, English politician, Lord President of the Council (d. 1695)
- 1668 – Johann Albert Fabricius, German author and scholar (d. 1736)
- 1696 – Andrea Zani, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1757)
- 1743 – Carl Peter Thunberg, Swedish botanist, entomologist, and psychologist (d. 1828)
- 1748 – Charles IV of Spain (d. 1819)
- 1768 – Sikandar Jah, (d. 1829) 3rd Nizam of Hyderabad State[22]
- 1791 – Josef Munzinger, Swiss lawyer and politician, 3rd President of the Swiss Confederation (d. 1855)
- 1821 – Fyodor Dostoevsky, Russian novelist, short story writer, essayist, and philosopher (d. 1881)
- 1836 – Thomas Bailey Aldrich, American poet and author (d. 1907)
- 1852 – Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf, Austrian-Hungarian field marshal (d. 1925)
- 1855 – Stevan Sremac, Serbian author and activist (d. 1906)
- 1857 – Janet Erskine Stuart, English nun and educator (d. 1914)
- 1860 – Thomas Joseph Byrnes, Australian politician, 12th Premier of Queensland (d. 1898)
- 1863 – Paul Signac, French painter and educator (d. 1935)
- 1864 – Alfred Hermann Fried, Austrian journalist and activist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1921)
- 1866 – Martha Annie Whiteley, English chemist and mathematician (d. 1956)[23]
- 1867 – Shrimad Rajchandra, a Jain philosopher, spiritual mentor of Mahatma Gandhi (d. 1901)[24]
- 1868 – Édouard Vuillard, French painter and academic (d. 1940)
- 1869 – Victor Emmanuel III of Italy (d. 1947)[25]
- 1869 – Gaetano Bresci, Italian anarchist assassin (d. 1901)[26]
- 1872 – Maude Adams, American actress (d. 1953)[27]
- 1872 – David I. Walsh, American lawyer and politician, 46th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1947)
- 1882 – Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden (d. 1973)
- 1883 – Ernest Ansermet, Swiss conductor and academic (d. 1969)
- 1885 – George S. Patton, American general (d. 1945)
- 1887 – Roland Young, English-American actor (d. 1953)
- 1888 – Abul Kalam Azad, Indian activist, scholar, and politician, Indian Minister of Education (d. 1958)
- 1888 – J. B. Kripalani, Indian lawyer and politician (d. 1982)
- 1891 – Rabbit Maranville, American baseball player and manager (d. 1954)
- 1891 – Grunya Sukhareva, Ukrainian-Russian psychiatrist and university lecturer (d. 1981)
- 1894 – Beverly Bayne, American actress (d. 1982)
- 1895 – Wealthy Babcock, American mathematician and academic (d. 1990)
- 1896 – Shirley Graham Du Bois, American author, playwright, composer, and activist (d. 1977)
- 1896 – Carlos Eduardo Castañeda, Mexican-American historian (d. 1958)
- 1898 – René Clair, French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1981)[28]
- 1899 – Pat O'Brien, American actor (d. 1983)
- 1900 – Maria Babanova, Russian stage and film actress (d. 1983)
1901–present
[edit]- 1901 – Sam Spiegel, American film producer (d. 1985)
- 1901 – F. Van Wyck Mason, American historian and author (d. 1978)
- 1904 – Alger Hiss, American lawyer and convicted spy (d. 1996)
- 1904 – J. H. C. Whitehead, British mathematician and academic (d. 1960)
- 1906 – Brother Theodore, German-American monologuist and comedian (d. 2001)
- 1907 – Orestis Laskos, Greek director, screenwriter, and poet (d. 1992)
- 1909 – Robert Ryan, American actor (d. 1973)
- 1909 – Piero Scotti, Italian race car driver (d. 1976)
- 1911 – Roberto Matta, Chilean-Italian painter and sculptor (d. 2002)
- 1912 – Thomas C. Mann, American lawyer, politician, and diplomat, United States Ambassador to El Salvador (d. 1999)
- 1914 – James Gilbert Baker, American astronomer, optician, and academic (d. 2005)
- 1914 – Daisy Bates, American activist (d. 1999)
- 1914 – Taslim Olawale Elias, Nigerian academic and jurist, 2nd Chief Justice of Nigeria (d. 1991)
- 1914 – Howard Fast, American novelist and screenwriter (d. 2003)
- 1914 – Henry Wade, American soldier and lawyer (d. 2001)
- 1915 – William Proxmire, American soldier, journalist, and politician (d. 2005)
- 1915 – Anna Schwartz, American economist and author (d. 2012)[29]
- 1916 – Robert Carr, English engineer and politician, Lord President of the Council (d. 2012)
- 1918 – Stubby Kaye, American entertainer (d. 1997)
- 1919 – Kalle Päätalo, Finnish soldier and author (d. 2000)
- 1920 – Roy Jenkins, British politician, President of the European Commission (d. 2003)
- 1920 – Walter Krupinski, German captain and pilot (d. 2000)
- 1921 – Terrel Bell, American sergeant, academic, and politician, 2nd United States Secretary of Education (d. 1996)
- 1922 – Kurt Vonnegut, American novelist, short story writer, and essayist (d. 2007)[30]
- 1925 – John Guillermin, English-American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2015)
- 1925 – June Whitfield, English actress (d. 2018)[31]
- 1925 – Jonathan Winters, American actor and screenwriter (d. 2013)
- 1926 – Maria Teresa de Filippis, Italian race car driver (d. 2016)
- 1926 – Harry Lumley, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1998)
- 1927 – Mose Allison, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 2016)[32]
- 1927 – Martin Špegelj, Croatian general and politician, 2nd Croatian Minister of Defence (d. 2014)
- 1928 – Ernestine Anderson, American singer (d. 2016)
- 1928 – Carlos Fuentes, Mexican novelist and essayist (d. 2012)
- 1929 – LaVern Baker, American singer (d. 1997)
- 1929 – Hans Magnus Enzensberger, German author and poet (d. 2022)
- 1929 – Martin Jacomb, English lawyer, businessman, and academic (d. 2024)[33]
- 1930 – Mildred Dresselhaus, American physicist and academic (d. 2017)
- 1930 – Hugh Everett III, American physicist and mathematician (d. 1982)
- 1930 – Vernon Handley, English conductor (d. 2008)
- 1932 – Germano Mosconi, Italian journalist (d. 2012)
- 1933 – Martino Finotto, Italian race car driver (d. 2014)
- 1933 – Peter B. Lewis, American businessman and philanthropist (d. 2013)
- 1935 – Bibi Andersson, Swedish actress (d. 2019)
- 1936 – Jack Keller, American songwriter and producer (d. 2005)
- 1937 – Vittorio Brambilla, Italian race car driver (d. 2001)
- 1937 – Rudy LaRusso, American basketball player (d. 2004)[34]
- 1937 – Stephen Lewis, Canadian politician and diplomat, 14th Canadian Ambassador to the United Nations
- 1937 – Alicia Ostriker, American poet and scholar
- 1939 – Denise Alexander, American actress
- 1940 – Barbara Boxer, American journalist and politician
- 1940 – Dennis Coffey, American guitarist
- 1942 – Jonathan Fenby, English journalist and businessman
- 1942 – Roy Fredericks, Guyanese-American cricketer and politician (d. 2000)
- 1942 – K. Connie Kang, Korean American journalist and author (d. 2019)[35]
- 1942 – Diane Wolkstein, American author and radio host (d. 2013)
- 1943 – Doug Frost, Australian swim coach
- 1945 – Chris Dreja, English guitarist and songwriter
- 1945 – Vince Martell, American singer and guitarist[36]
- 1945 – Daniel Ortega, Nicaraguan politician, President of Nicaragua[32]
- 1946 – Al Holbert, American race car driver (d. 1988)
- 1948 – Andrzej Czok, Polish mountaineer (d. 1986)
- 1948 – Robert John "Mutt" Lange, British-South African record producer and songwriter
- 1948 – Vincent Schiavelli, American actor (d. 2005)
- 1949 – Ismail Petra of Kelantan (d. 2019)
- 1949 – Kathy Postlewait, American golfer
- 1950 – Mircea Dinescu, Romanian journalist and poet
- 1950 – Jim Peterik, American singer-songwriter and guitarist[36]
- 1951 – Kim Peek, American megasavant (d. 2009)
- 1951 – Marc Summers, American television host and producer[32]
- 1951 – Fuzzy Zoeller, American golfer[32]
- 1953 – Marshall Crenshaw, American singer-songwriter and guitarist[36]
- 1953 – Andy Partridge, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and record producer[36]
- 1954 – Steve Brain, English rugby player
- 1954 – Mary Gaitskill, American novelist, essayist, and short story writer.
- 1954 – Jim Kabia, English footballer[37]
- 1954 – Roger Slifer, American author, illustrator, screenwriter, and producer (d. 2015)
- 1955 – Dave Alvin, American singer-songwriter and guitarist[36]
- 1955 – Jigme Singye Wangchuk, King of Bhutan
- 1955 – Teri York, Canadian diver[38]
- 1956 – Talat Aziz, Ghazal singer
- 1956 – Ian Craig Marsh, English guitarist[36]
- 1958 – Luz Casal, Spanish singer-songwriter and actress
- 1958 – Kazimieras Černis, Lithuanian astronomer and astrophysicist
- 1958 – Carlos Lacámara, Cuban-American actor and playwright
- 1958 – Kathy Lette, Australian-English author
- 1959 – Lee Haney, American bodybuilder
- 1959 – Richard Rowe, English jockey and trainer
- 1959 – Christian Schwarzenegger, Swiss criminologist and academic
- 1959 – Carl Williams, American boxer (d. 2013)
- 1960 – Colin Harvey, English author and critic (d. 2011)
- 1960 – Chuck Hernandez, American baseball player and coach
- 1960 – Paquito Ochoa, Jr., Filipino lawyer and politician, 37th Executive Secretary of the Philippines
- 1960 – Cristina Odone, Kenyan-Italian journalist and author
- 1960 – Peter Parros, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
- 1960 – Stanley Tucci, American actor and director[36]
- 1961 – Yuri Milner, Russian-born entrepreneur, venture capitalist and physicist
- 1962 – Mario Fenech, Maltese-Australian rugby league player and sportscaster
- 1962 – Georgios Mitsibonas, Greek footballer (d. 1997)
- 1962 – Demi Moore, American actress, director, and producer[36]
- 1962 – James Morrison, Australian trumpet player and composer
- 1963 – Billy Gunn, American wrestler and actor
- 1964 – Margarete Bagshaw, American painter and potter (d. 2015)
- 1964 – Calista Flockhart, American actress[36]
- 1964 – Philip McKeon, American actor (d. 2019)[32]
- 1965 – Max Mutchnick, American screenwriter and producer
- 1965 – Kim Stockwood, Canadian singer-songwriter
- 1966 – Benedicta Boccoli, Italian model and actress
- 1966 – Vince Colosimo, Australian actor
- 1966 – Alison Doody, Irish model and actress
- 1966 – Peaches, Canadian musician and producer[32]
- 1967 – Gil de Ferran, Brazilian race car driver (d.2023)
- 1967 – David Doak, Northern Irish video game designer
- 1967 – Frank John Hughes, American actor, producer, and screenwriter[36]
- 1968 – Diego Fuser, Italian footballer and manager
- 1969 – Carson Kressley, American fashion designer, television personality, and actor[36]
- 1971 – David DeLuise, American actor and director[36]
- 1971 – Tomas Pačėsas, Lithuanian basketball player and coach
- 1972 – Adam Beach, Canadian actor
- 1973 – Jason White, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1974 – Jon B., American singer-songwriter and producer
- 1974 – Leonardo DiCaprio, American actor and producer[39]
- 1974 – Static Major, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2008)
- 1974 – Wajahatullah Wasti, Pakistani cricketer
- 1975 – Daisuke Ohata, Japanese rugby player
- 1976 – Jason Grilli, American baseball player
- 1976 – Jesse F. Keeler, Canadian bass player
- 1977 – Ben Hollioake, Australian-English cricketer (d. 2002)
- 1977 – Jill Vedder, American philanthropist, activist and fashion model[40]
- 1977 – Maniche, Portuguese footballer and manager
- 1977 – Scoot McNairy, American actor and producer[36]
- 1977 – Marsha Mehran, Iranian-American author (d. 2014)
- 1978 – Lou Vincent, New Zealand cricketer
- 1980 – Chris Kelly, Canadian ice hockey player[41]
- 1980 – Edmoore Takaendesa, Zimbabwean-German rugby player
- 1982 – Gonzalo Canale, Argentinian-Italian rugby player
- 1982 – LA Knight, American wrestler[42]
- 1983 – Arouna Koné, Ivorian footballer
- 1983 – Philipp Lahm, German footballer
- 1983 – Tatsuhisa Suzuki, Japanese voice actor and singer
- 1984 – Hilton Armstrong, American basketball player[43]
- 1984 – Stephen Hunt, English footballer
- 1984 – Birkir Már Sævarsson, Icelandic footballer
- 1985 – Osvaldo Alonso, Cuban footballer
- 1985 – Austin Collie, American football player
- 1985 – Tiidrek Nurme, Estonian runner
- 1985 – Jessica Sierra, American singer
- 1985 – Robin Uthappa, Indian cricketer
- 1986 – Jon Batiste, American singer and pianist[36]
- 1986 – Victor Cruz, American football player
- 1986 – Mark Sanchez, American football player
- 1986 – François Trinh-Duc, French rugby player
- 1987 – Vinny Guadagnino, American actor
- 1987 – Chanelle Hayes, English model and singer
- 1988 – David Depetris, Argentinian-Slovak footballer
- 1988 – Mikako Komatsu, Japanese voice actress and singer
- 1988 – Kyle Naughton, English footballer
- 1989 – Nick Blackman, English-Israeli footballer[44]
- 1989 – Joe Ragland, American basketball player[45]
- 1989 – Adam Rippon, American figure skater[32]
- 1989 – Reina Tanaka, Japanese singer
- 1989 – Lewis Williamson, Scottish race car driver
- 1990 – Tom Dumoulin, Dutch road bicycle racer[46]
- 1990 – James Segeyaro, Papua New Guinean rugby league player[47]
- 1990 – Georginio Wijnaldum, Dutch footballer[48]
- 1991 – Christa B. Allen, American actress[36]
- 1991 – Kaho Onodera, Japanese curler[49]
- 1992 – Sofía Luini, Argentine tennis player[50]
- 1992 – Jean-Gabriel Pageau, Canadian ice hockey player[51]
- 1993 – Jamaal Lascelles, English footballer[52]
- 1994 – Lio Rush, American wrestler[53]
- 1994 – Sanju Samson, Indian cricketer[54]
- 1994 – Ellie Simmonds, English swimmer[55]
- 1995 – Josh Aloiai, New Zealand rugby league player[56]
- 1995 – Yuriko Miyazaki, British tennis player[57]
- 1996 – Tye Sheridan, American actor and producer[32]
- 1998 – Liudmila Samsonova, Russian tennis player[58]
- 1999 – X González, American activist[32]
- 2004 – Oakes Fegley, American actor[32]
- 2005 – Ben Doak, Scottish footballer[59]
Deaths
[edit]Pre-1600
[edit]- 405 – Arsacius of Tarsus, Tarsian archbishop (b. 324)
- 683 – Yazid I, Muslim caliph (b. 647)
- 865 – Petronas, Byzantine general
- 865 – Antony the Younger, Byzantine monk and saint (b. 785)
- 875 – Teutberga, queen of Lotharingia
- 1028 – Constantine VIII, Byzantine emperor (b. 960)
- 1078 – Udo of Nellenburg, Archbishop of Trier (during the siege of Tübingen)
- 1089 – Saint Peter Igneus, Italian Benedictine monk
- 1130 – Teresa of León, Countess of Portugal, Portuguese regent (b. 1080)
- 1189 – King William II of Sicily ("the Good") (b. 1153)
- 1285 – King Peter III of Aragon (b. 1239)
- 1331 – Stefan Uroš III Dečanski of Serbia (b. c. 1285)
- 1561 – Hans Tausen, Danish reformer (b. 1494)
- 1583 – Gerald FitzGerald, 14th Earl of Desmond, Irish rebel
1601–1900
[edit]- 1623 – Philippe de Mornay, French theorist and author (b. 1549)
- 1638 – Cornelis van Haarlem, Dutch painter and illustrator (b. 1562)
- 1724 – Joseph Blake, English criminal (b. 1700)
- 1812 – Platon Levshin, Russian metropolitan (b. 1737)
- 1831 – Nat Turner, American slave and rebel leader (b. 1800)
- 1855 – Søren Kierkegaard, Danish philosopher, author, and poet (b. 1813)
- 1861 – Pedro V of Portugal (b. 1837)
- 1862 – James Madison Porter, American lawyer and politician, 18th United States Secretary of War (b. 1793)
- 1880 – Ned Kelly, Australian bushranger (b. 1855)
- 1880 – Lucretia Mott, American activist (b. 1793)
- 1884 – Alfred Brehm, German zoologist, author, and illustrator (b. 1827)
- 1887 – Haymarket affair defendants:
- 1887 – George Engel, German-American businessman and activist (b. 1836)
- 1887 – Adolph Fischer, German-American printer and activist (b. 1858)
- 1887 – Albert Parsons, American journalist and activist (b. 1848)
- 1887 – August Spies, American journalist and activist (b. 1855)
- 1888 – Pedro Ñancúpel, Chilean pirate active in the fjords and channels of Patagonia. He was executed.[60]
1901–present
[edit]- 1917 – Liliuokalani of Hawaii (b. 1838)[61]
- 1918 – George Lawrence Price, Canadian soldier (b. 1892)
- 1919 – Pavel Chistyakov, Russian painter and educator (b. 1832)
- 1921 – Léon Moreaux, French target shooter (b. 1852)
- 1931 – Shibusawa Eiichi, Japanese businessman (b. 1840)
- 1939 – Bob Marshall, American author and activist (b. 1901)
- 1940 – Muhittin Akyüz, Turkish general and diplomat (b. 1870)
- 1944 – Munir Ertegun, Turkish diplomat (b. 1883)
- 1945 – Jerome Kern, American composer (b. 1885)
- 1949 – Loukas Kanakaris-Roufos, Greek lawyer and politician, Greek Minister of Foreign Minister (b. 1878)
- 1950 – Alexandros Diomidis, Greek banker and politician, 145th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1875)
- 1953 – Princess Irene of Hesse and by Rhine (b. 1866)
- 1961 – Behiç Erkin, Turkish colonel and politician, Turkish Minister of Environment and Urban Planning (b. 1876)
- 1962 – Joseph Ruddy, American swimmer and water polo player (b. 1878)
- 1965 – Luis Arturo González López Guatemalan supreme court judge and briefly acting president (b. 1900)
- 1968 – Jeanne Demessieux, French pianist and composer (b. 1921)[62]
- 1972 – Berry Oakley, American bass player (b. 1948)
- 1973 – Artturi Ilmari Virtanen, Finnish chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1895)
- 1973 – Richard von Frankenberg, German race car driver and journalist (b. 1922)
- 1974 – Alfonso Leng, Chilean dentist, composer, and academic (b. 1894)
- 1976 – Alexander Calder, American sculptor (b. 1898)
- 1977 – Abraham Sarmiento, Jr., Filipino journalist and activist (b. 1950)
- 1979 – Dimitri Tiomkin, Ukrainian-American composer and conductor (b. 1894)
- 1980 – Vince Gair, Australian politician, 27th Premier of Queensland (b. 1901)
- 1982 – Marcel Paul, French communist politician and Holocaust survivor (b. 1900)[63]
- 1984 – Martin Luther King, Sr., American pastor, missionary, and activist (b. 1899)
- 1985 – Pelle Lindbergh, Swedish ice hockey player (b. 1959)
- 1985 – Arthur Rothstein, American photographer and educator (b. 1915)
- 1988 – Charles Groves Wright Anderson, South African-Australian colonel and politician (b. 1897)
- 1988 – William Ifor Jones, Welsh conductor and organist (b. 1900)
- 1990 – Attilio Demaría, Argentinian footballer (b. 1909)
- 1990 – Sadi Irmak, Turkish physician and politician, 17th Prime Minister of Turkey (b. 1904)
- 1990 – Alexis Minotis, Greek actor and director (b. 1900)
- 1990 – Yiannis Ritsos, Greek poet and playwright (b. 1909)
- 1993 – Erskine Hawkins, American trumpet player and bandleader (b. 1914)
- 1993 – John Stanley, American author and illustrator (b. 1914)
- 1994 – John A. Volpe, American soldier and politician, 61st Governor of Massachusetts (b. 1908)
- 1994 – Tadeusz Żychiewicz, Polish journalist, historian, and publicist (b. 1922)
- 1997 – Rod Milburn, American hurdler and coach (b. 1950)
- 1997 – William Alland, American film producer and writer (b. 1916)
- 1998 – Frank Brimsek, American ice hockey player and soldier (b. 1913)
- 1998 – Paddy Clancy, Irish singer and actor (b. 1922)
- 1999 – Mary Kay Bergman, American voice actress (b. 1961)[64]
- 1999 – Jacobo Timerman, Argentinian journalist and author (b. 1923)
- 2000 – Sandra Schmitt, German skier (b. 1981)
- 2001 – Erna Viitol, Estonian sculptor (b. 1920)
- 2002 – Frances Ames, South African neurologist, psychiatrist, and human rights activist (b. 1920)
- 2003 – Miquel Martí i Pol, Catalan poet (b. 1929)
- 2004 – Dayton Allen, American comedian and voice actor (b. 1919)
- 2004 – Yasser Arafat, Palestinian engineer and politician, 1st President of the Palestinian National Authority, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1929)
- 2004 – Richard Dembo, French director and screenwriter (b. 1948)
- 2005 – Moustapha Akkad, Syrian-American director and producer (b. 1930)
- 2005 – Patrick Anson, 5th Earl of Lichfield, English photographer (b. 1939)
- 2005 – Peter Drucker, Austrian-American author, theorist, and educator (b. 1909)
- 2006 – Belinda Emmett, Australian actress (b. 1974)
- 2007 – Delbert Mann, American director and producer (b. 1920)
- 2008 – Herb Score, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1933)
- 2008 – Mustafa Şekip Birgöl, Turkish colonel (b. 1903)
- 2010 – Marie Osborne Yeats, American actress and costume designer (b. 1911)
- 2011 – Francisco Blake Mora, Mexican lawyer and politician, Mexican Secretary of the Interior (b. 1966)
- 2012 – Lam Adesina, Nigerian educator and politician, Governor of Oyo State (b. 1939)
- 2012 – Joe Egan, English rugby player and coach (b. 1919)
- 2012 – Rex Hunt, English lieutenant, pilot, and diplomat, Governor of the Falkland Islands (b. 1926)
- 2012 – Victor Mees, Belgian footballer (b. 1927)
- 2012 – Harry Wayland Randall, American photographer (b. 1915)
- 2013 – John Barnhill, American basketball player and coach (b. 1938)
- 2013 – Domenico Bartolucci, Italian cardinal and composer (b. 1917)
- 2013 – Bob Beckham, American singer-songwriter (b. 1927)
- 2013 – John S. Dunne, American priest and theologian (b. 1929)
- 2013 – Atilla Karaosmanoğlu, Turkish economist and politician, 33rd Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey (b. 1931)
- 2014 – John Doar, American lawyer and activist (b. 1921)
- 2014 – Big Bank Hank, American rapper (b. 1956)
- 2014 – Philip G. Hodge, American engineer and academic (b. 1920)
- 2014 – Harry Lonsdale, American chemist, businessman, and politician (b. 1932)
- 2014 – Carol Ann Susi, American actress (b. 1952)
- 2015 – Rita Gross, American theologian and author (b. 1943)
- 2015 – Nathaniel Marston, American actor and producer (b. 1975)
- 2016 – Victor Bailey, American singer and bass player (b. 1960)
- 2016 – Robert Vaughn, American actor (b. 1932)
- 2017 – Chiquito de la Calzada, Spanish singer, actor and comedian (b. 1932)
- 2021 – F. W. de Klerk, South African lawyer and politician, former State President of South Africa, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1936)[65]
- 2024 – Frank Auerbach, German-British painter (b. 1931)[66]
- 2024 – John Robinson, American football player and coach (b. 1935)[67]
Holidays and observances
[edit]- Birthday of King Jigme Singye Wangchuck (Bhutan)
- Children's Day (Croatia)
- Christian feast day:
- End of World War I-related observances:
- Armistice Day (France, Belgium and Serbia)
- National Independence Day (Poland), commemorates the anniversary of Poland's assumption of independent statehood in 1918
- Remembrance Day (United Kingdom and the Commonwealth of Nations, including Australia and Canada)
- Veterans Day, called Armistice Day until 1954, when it was rededicated to honor American military (Army, Navy, Marine, and Air Force) veterans. (United States)
- Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Angola from Portugal in 1975.
- Independence of Cartagena (Colombia)
- Lāčplēsis Day, celebrates the victory over the Bermontians at the Battle of Riga in 1919. (Latvia)
- Opening of carnival ("Karneval"/"Fasching"), on 11-11, at 11:11. (Germany, the Netherlands, and other countries)
- National Education Day (India)
- Republic Day (Maldives)
- Singles' Day (China)
- St. Martin's Day (Sint Maarten, Kingdom of the Netherlands)
- Women's Day (Belgium)
- Pepero Day (South Korea)
References
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However, the underlying reason was the elimination of minorities from the economy, and the replacement of the non-Muslim bourgeoisie by its Turkish counterpart.
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The aim was to destroy the economic and cultural base of these minorities, loot their properties and means of livelihood, and, at the same time "turkify" the economy of Turkey.
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... We will use it to eliminate the foreigners who control the market and hand the Turkish market over the Turks. 'The foreigners to be eliminated' referred primarily to the non-Muslims citizens of Turkey.
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External links
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to November 11.
- "On This Day". BBC.
- The New York Times: On This Day
- "Historical Events on November 11". OnThisDay.com.